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英语数字表示方法

2022-05-10 12:30:22 无锡英才网

  在汉英笔译和英语写作中,经常会遇到数字;哪些场合用单词表示,哪些场合用阿拉伯数字表示,往往使人难以确定,现行语法书中也极少涉及此类问题。下面由学习啦小编为大家整理的关于英语数字表达方法的内容,希望大家喜欢!

  英语中纯数字的表达方法

  小数和分数:

  0.17 zero point one seven / point seventeen / zero point seventeen

  1/2 one half

  1/3 one /a third

  3/4 three fourths

  7'2/ 5seven and two fifths

  大于100的数字:

  101 one hundred (and ) one

  200 two hundred

  998 nine hundred ( and ) ninety'eight

  在英语中上面括弧中的and一般不能省略;而在美国英语中却往往省去。请分析下面的对话:

  A:How many people are present in the party last night?

  B: That‘s nine hundred and ninety-eight, exactly.

  A: Woo, you must be joking. How can you get such an accurate number?

  B: Ha, ha…… surely I am joking. You silly goose.

  大于1000的数字:

  1001 a/one thousand (and) one

  2232 two thousand two hundred (and) thirty'two

  900,732,266,043

  nine hundred billion seven hundred thirty'two million two hundred sixty'six thousand and forty three

  英语中一千以上数字的表达方法是以三位数为单元,从高到低billion,million,thousand而依次读出的。因此我们在听时,可以三位数三位数地记录。试比较下面的对话:

  A:Can you tell me exactly the numbers of the whole people in our country?

  B:One billion four hundred thirty'two million two hundred sixty'six thousand and forty three.

  A:Thank you very much.

  用英语表达数字的规则

  1)英美等国的出版社在排版时遵循一条原则,即1至10用单词表示,10以上的数目用阿拉伯数字(也有的以100为界限),这条原则值得我们行文时借鉴。如:

  That table measures ten feet by five.

  那个工作台长10英尺,宽5英尺。

  The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week.

  由一个教授和十名学生每周会晤两三次,每次授课时间45到50分钟,是大学程度课堂教学的传统方式。

  (2)大数目用阿技伯数字表示显得更简洁明了,但不定数量、近似值用单词表示较恰当。如:

  There are 203817 voters on the electoral rolls。

  选举名单上有203817个投票人。

  Nearly thirty thousand voters took part in this election.

  近3万个投票人参加了这次选举。

  (3)遇到日期、百分比、带单位的特殊数字,通常用阿拉伯数字。如:

  Maximum swivel of table is l20.

  工作台的最大回转角度是120度。

  又如:

  ①3rd march l991或3 march l991; a discount of 5 percent(5%的折扣);

  ②purchased 7 yards of carpet(买7码地毯);

  ③ordered 2 pounds of minced steak (订购2磅剁碎的肉)。

  如果涉及的数目和单位是不定数,可用单词表示,

  如:① about five miles per hour(每小时大约5英里),

  ②at least ten yards away(至少有10码远),

  ③hesitated for a moment or two(犹豫了片刻),

  ④i have warned you a hundred times(我已经警告你多少遍了)。

  (4)在科技文章中,数字频繁出现,用阿拉伯数字比用单词陈述更有利,如:

  The new engine has a capacity of 4.3 liters and a power out-put of 153 kilowatts at 4400 revolutions per minute。

  这台新发动机的容积为4.3升,转速为每分钟4400转时输出功率是153千瓦。

  we know that the weight of a cubic foot of air at 0℃,and 76cm,pressure is 0.08l pound, or 12 cubic feet of air weigh a pound.

  我们知道,1立方英尺的空气在0摄氏度和760毫米汞柱压力下,重量是0.81磅,也就是说12立方英尺空气的重量是1磅。

  (5)句首不用阿拉伯数字,句末要尽量避免用阿拉伯数字,

  4th July is an important date in American history.

  应该写成the fourth of July...

  19 couples took part in the ballroom dancing competition.

  19对选手参加了交际舞比赛。应改写成:Nineteen couples took…

  60% profit was a reported.据报道有60%的利润。

  应改写成:Sixty per cent profit…

  1345 kilograms force was applied at the center point of the bar.

  试验时在杆的中点加1345公斤力。

  可改成When tested, a force of l345 kg was applied…

  (6)遇到分数,可用带连字符号的单词表示,如:

  At 1east two-thirds of the class have had colds. 这个班至少有三分之二的学生患重感冒。

  Nitrogen forms about four-fifths of the atmosphere. 氮约占大气的五分之四。


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